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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

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Subclinical Onychomycosis: Not Present in HIV-Positive Population?

Claudia Contreras-Rivera1, Sonia Toussaint-Caire2, Ramón Fernández-Martínez1

  • 1Mycology Department, General Hospital Dr. Manuel Gea González, Mexico City, Mexico.

Skin Appendage Disorders
|May 4, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

This study found no evidence of subclinical onychomycosis (fungal nail infections) in HIV-infected patients. Further research is needed to compare these findings with the general population.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Onychomycosis, a common nail condition, is a chronic fungal infection frequently observed in individuals with HIV.
  • Subclinical onychomycosis refers to the presence of fungal organisms in nails without apparent clinical signs of infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of subclinical onychomycosis within the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected patient population at a specific hospital.
  • To analyze nail samples from HIV-infected individuals for the presence of fungal pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Distal nail clippings were collected from the study participants.
  • Nail samples were subjected to Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) staining.
  • Stained samples were microscopically examined by a dermatopathologist for fungal structures.

Main Results:

  • None of the analyzed nail samples (n = 48) exhibited fungal structures.
  • The study found no evidence of onychomycosis, clinical or subclinical, in the examined HIV-infected cohort.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest a potential decrease in onychomycosis incidence within the HIV-infected population, possibly due to advancements in diagnosis and treatment.
  • Ongoing research will compare these results with non-HIV populations to ascertain if the incidence of onychomycosis is converging between groups.
  • The changing epidemiology of onychomycosis warrants continued investigation across diverse patient demographics.
Keywords:
HIV-positive patientsNail diseaseSubclinical onychomycosis

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