Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

38.5K
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
38.5K
Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

8.0K
8.0K
Transcription Initiation01:47

Transcription Initiation

20.6K
Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
20.6K
S-Cdk Initiates DNA Replication02:38

S-Cdk Initiates DNA Replication

5.5K
The cell cycle is a series of events leading to DNA duplication followed by the division of cell content to form two daughter cells. The cell cycle progresses in four stages—the cell increases in size (gap 1 or G1-phase), duplicates its DNA (synthesis or S-phase), prepares to divide (gap 2 or G2-phase), and divides (mitosis or M-phase).
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of...
5.5K
What is an Experiment?01:12

What is an Experiment?

17.5K
An experiment is a planned activity carried out under controlled conditions. The purpose of an experiment is to investigate the relationship between two variables. When one variable causes change in another, we call the first variable the explanatory or independent variable. The affected variable is called the response or dependent variable. In a randomized experiment, the researcher manipulates values of the explanatory variable and measures the resulting changes in the response variable. The...
17.5K
Thomson's e/m Experiment01:19

Thomson's e/m Experiment

6.7K
In a beam of charged particles created by a heated cathode, the particles move at different speeds. However, many applications need a beam with uniform particle speeds. An arrangement known as a velocity selector uses electric and magnetic fields to pick particles with a particular speed from the beam.
A particle with charge q, speed v, and mass m enters an area from the top, where the magnetic and electric fields are perpendicular both to the particle's motion and to one another. The magnetic...
6.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Statins May Not Reduce Reoperation Rates in Chronic Subdural Hematoma, Regardless of the Use of Antithrombotic Medication.

Journal of neurological surgery. Part A, Central European neurosurgery·2026
Same author

Subthalamic segmentations in relation to deep brain stimulation volumes in Parkinson's disease.

Acta neurochirurgica·2026
Same author

No link between piriform cortex subregion resection and seizure freedom in two cohorts with temporal lobe epilepsy.

Journal of neurology·2026
Same author

Loss of meningothelial identity and mesenchymal fate switching in NF2-mutant meningiomas.

Acta neuropathologica·2026
Same author

Optimized precision oncology through implementation of a comprehensive molecular analysis pipeline - relevance for additional therapeutic options.

Cancer genetics·2026
Same author

Aromatic amino acid metabolism shapes autophagy-mediated adaptation to iron deprivation in glioblastoma cells.

Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine·2026
Same journal

One-Year Clinical and Imaging Outcomes After Dedicated Sirolimus-Eluting Stenting for Symptomatic Vertebral Artery Origin Stenosis: A Real-World Cohort Study.

World neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Can Oxygen Induced Vasomotion Be Harnessed in Traumatic Brain Injury? A Narrative Review of the Relationship Between Oxygenation and Intracranial Pressure.

World neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

A grading system based on multiparametric MRI-predicted tumor perfusion, invasiveness and texture (GOLDS-PIT) for surgical difficulty assessment in pituitary macroadenomas: A prospective single-centre cohort study.

World neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Outcomes and Prognostic Factors After Hematoma Evacuation With or Without Decompressive Craniectomy for Adult Supratentorial Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

World neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Management Strategies for Multiple Intracranial Aneurysms: A Comparative Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

World neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Radiological, Histopathological, and Surgical Outcomes of Intradural Spinal Ependymomas: A Single-Center Retrospective Series.

World neurosurgery·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Pedicle Screw Placement Using an Augmented Reality Head-Mounted Display in a Porcine Model
06:18

Pedicle Screw Placement Using an Augmented Reality Head-Mounted Display in a Porcine Model

Published on: May 24, 2024

2.7K

Microscope-Based Augmented Reality in Degenerative Spine Surgery: Initial Experience.

Barbara Carl1, Miriam Bopp2, Benjamin Saß1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

World Neurosurgery
|May 4, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microscope-based augmented reality (AR) enhances degenerative spine surgery by providing reliable visualization of target structures. This technology, validated with a low registration error, shows great potential for complex cases and surgical training.

Keywords:
Augmented realityHead-up displayLow-dose intraoperative computed tomographyMicroscope-based navigationRegistration

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Remote Surgery with Augmented Reality and Robotics for Enhanced Precision and Accessibility
07:46

Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Remote Surgery with Augmented Reality and Robotics for Enhanced Precision and Accessibility

Published on: August 9, 2024

1.2K
Combining Augmented Reality and 3D Printing to Display Patient Models on a Smartphone
09:26

Combining Augmented Reality and 3D Printing to Display Patient Models on a Smartphone

Published on: January 2, 2020

19.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Pedicle Screw Placement Using an Augmented Reality Head-Mounted Display in a Porcine Model
06:18

Pedicle Screw Placement Using an Augmented Reality Head-Mounted Display in a Porcine Model

Published on: May 24, 2024

2.7K
Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Remote Surgery with Augmented Reality and Robotics for Enhanced Precision and Accessibility
07:46

Author Spotlight: Revolutionizing Remote Surgery with Augmented Reality and Robotics for Enhanced Precision and Accessibility

Published on: August 9, 2024

1.2K
Combining Augmented Reality and 3D Printing to Display Patient Models on a Smartphone
09:26

Combining Augmented Reality and 3D Printing to Display Patient Models on a Smartphone

Published on: January 2, 2020

19.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Medical Imaging
  • Surgical Technology

Background:

  • Degenerative spine surgery requires precise visualization of anatomical structures.
  • Existing methods may have limitations in complex surgical scenarios.
  • Augmented reality (AR) offers potential for improved intraoperative guidance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish and evaluate microscope-based augmented reality (AR) support for degenerative spine surgery.
  • To assess the feasibility and accuracy of AR integration into the surgical workflow.
  • To determine the potential benefits of AR in complex spinal procedures.

Main Methods:

  • AR was implemented using head-up displays on operating microscopes in 10 patients.
  • Preoperative MRI and CT images were fused with intraoperative CT (iCT) data for AR visualization.
  • Automatic registration using iCT and microscope calibration was employed for AR setup.

Main Results:

  • AR support was smoothly integrated into the surgical workflow, aiding orientation.
  • Target registration error was measured at 1.11 ± 0.42 mm, indicating high accuracy.
  • Effective radiation dose for registration scanning was significantly lower than standard diagnostic scans.

Conclusions:

  • Microscope-based AR provides reliable surgical support through automatic registration with intraoperative imaging.
  • AR demonstrates significant potential for improving outcomes in degenerative spine surgery, especially in complex anatomies.
  • AR can be a valuable tool for resident education and enhancing surgical precision.