Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

30.8K
A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
30.8K
Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

71.4K
Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
71.4K
Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor03:08

Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor

36.5K
Colligative Properties of Electrolytes
The colligative properties of a solution depend only on the number, not on the identity, of solute species dissolved. The concentration terms in the equations for various colligative properties (freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure) pertain to all solute species present in the solution. Nonelectrolytes dissolve physically without dissociation or any other accompanying process. Each molecule that dissolves yields one...
36.5K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

20.5K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
20.5K
Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

17.6K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
17.6K
Introduction to Electrolytes01:33

Introduction to Electrolytes

15.2K
In humans, electrolytes play a vital role in various physiological processes. Balancing electrolyte levels is essential for normal body functions; their imbalance can be life-threatening. The major electrolytes include sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphate, and bicarbonate. They are primarily involved in physiological processes, such as nerve signal transmission, membrane trafficking, muscle contraction, buffering body fluids, and balancing water levels in the body.
Role of Sodium
One...
15.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Coherent twins for manufacturing thick lithium-rich battery positive electrodes.

Nature nanotechnology·2026
Same author

Research on Covert Communication in Satellite-Ground-Integrated Sensor Networks Based on FH-DL-MPWFRFT.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Surface BO<sub>3</sub> Configuration in Li-Rich Cathode Materials Enabling Highly-Stable Anionic Redox Reactions.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Lactate and Lactylation in Pulmonary Hypertension: Comprehensive Landscape and Future Perspectives.

International journal of medical sciences·2026
Same author

Remimazolam is associated with superior cerebral and pulmonary protection over propofol in elderly thoracic surgery: a real-world study validated by propensity score matching.

Frontiers in medicine·2026
Same author

Surface Chemical Disorder Engineering Enabled Superior Anion Redox for Li-Rich Mn-Based Cathode.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

22.2K

A compatible anode/succinonitrile-based electrolyte interface in all-solid-state Na-CO2 batteries.

Yong Lu1, Yichao Cai1, Qiu Zhang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) , Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center , College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China .

Chemical Science
|May 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new method creates a protective NaF interphase for sodium metal anodes, enabling stable solid-state sodium batteries. This breakthrough enhances battery performance and longevity for large-scale energy storage.

More Related Videos

Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
07:20

Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: January 20, 2023

3.3K
Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

13.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
05:33

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

22.2K
Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
07:20

Screening of Coatings for an All-Solid-State Battery Using In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: January 20, 2023

3.3K
Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
11:04

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

Published on: December 20, 2016

13.4K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • All-solid-state sodium batteries offer potential for grid-scale energy storage.
  • A key challenge is the instability of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) with sodium (Na) metal anodes.
  • Succinonitrile (SN) SSEs exhibit high conductivity but degrade upon contact with Na metal, increasing interfacial resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a compatible interface for Na metal anodes and SN-based SSEs.
  • To overcome the instability issues of SSEs with Na metal.
  • To improve the performance and cycle life of sodium metal batteries.

Main Methods:

  • A simple chemical reaction between fluoroethylene carbonate-Na+ and Na metal was employed.
  • An in situ NaF-rich interphase was formed on the Na metal surface.
  • The performance of symmetric cells and all-solid-state Na-CO2 batteries with the modified interface was evaluated.

Main Results:

  • A compact, NaF-rich interphase successfully prevented side reactions between the Na anode and SN electrolyte.
  • The interphase promoted uniform, dendrite-free Na deposition, significantly improving cycling stability.
  • Symmetric cells demonstrated a low overpotential (150 mV) after 4000 hours of cycling.
  • All-solid-state Na-CO2 batteries achieved 50 cycles with a minimal overpotential increase (0.33 V).

Conclusions:

  • The NaF-rich interphase is crucial for enabling the use of Na-unstable SSEs in sodium metal batteries.
  • This simple interfacial engineering approach offers a promising strategy for developing high-performance, stable all-solid-state sodium batteries.
  • The findings pave the way for practical applications of sodium metal batteries in large-scale energy storage.