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Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
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Surface BO3 Configuration in Li-Rich Cathode Materials Enabling Highly-Stable Anionic Redox Reactions.

Jun Zhang1, Yuan Feng1, Haoxiang Sun1

  • 1Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|June 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new surface structure for Li-rich Mn-based layered oxides (LRMOs) to improve lithium battery performance. This modification enhances stability and initial efficiency, paving the way for advanced high-energy-density batteries.

Keywords:
cathode electrolyte interfacelattice oxygen stabilitylithium batterieslithium‐rich manganese‐based cathodessurface BO3 unit

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Battery Technology

Background:

  • Li-rich Mn-based layered oxides (LRMOs) offer high capacity for next-generation lithium batteries.
  • LRMOs suffer from lattice-oxygen release and degradation, causing poor initial efficiency and cycling stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the stability and performance of LRMOs by introducing a B-heterogeneous coordination structure.
  • To suppress oxygen loss and improve cycling stability in high-energy-density lithium batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of a boron (B) heterogeneous coordination structure into LRMOs.
  • Formation of a ≈4 nm surface layer enriched in BO3 units, with BO4 units in the bulk.
  • Analysis of bonding interactions between B-O and transition metal-O bonds.

Main Results:

  • The modified LRMOs achieved a high reversible capacity of ~300 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1C.
  • An enhanced initial Coulombic efficiency of 93.5% was observed.
  • Excellent capacity retention of 85.8% after 300 cycles at 1C was demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • The surface BO3 structure effectively anchors lattice oxygen, suppressing irreversible oxygen loss.
  • The heterogeneous coordination reconciles oxygen-redox activity with long-term stability in LRMOs.
  • This approach provides a new strategy for developing stable, high-energy-density lithium batteries.