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A smartphone-coalesced nanoprobe for high selective ammonia sensing based on the pH-responsive biomass carbon
Yu Zhu Fan1, Jiang Xue Dong1, Ying Zhang2
1Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
Ammonia concentration together with pH values are important and closely linked indexes for aqueous systems. Rapid on-site determination of ammonia or pH is of great significance to environmental monitoring. In this work, a pH-switchable nanoprobe based on biomass carbon dots (CDs) is developed using a smartphone as a simple and handy instrument. The CDs demonstrate sensitive pH response in wide linear ranges of 6.1-13.6, and 2.0-13.6 with colorimetric and fluorescent channels, respectively. It is the pH-induced aggregation that governs the color and fluorescence switch. With the pH evolution caused by the dissolution of ammonia, the smartphone-integrated nanoprobe is applied to ammonia detection with a broad range of 0.5-300 mM. Moreover, the headspace single drop microextraction strategy can concentrate ammonia from matrix, offering a remarkably high selectivity for ammonia determination. Finally, the practical applications of this method for ammonia analysis obtained satisfactory results.
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