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Mesenchymal Stem Cell Marker Expression in Periapical Abscess.

Carlos Estrela1, Paulo Otávio Carmo Souza1, Mateus Gehrke Barbosa1

  • 1Department of Stomatologic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.

Journal of Endodontics
|May 8, 2019
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Summary

Periapical abscesses contain more mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) than other lesions. This increased presence of MSCs may explain how periapical cysts develop from these acute lesions.

Keywords:
CD105CD44CD73mesenchymal stem cellsperiapical abscess

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Area of Science:

  • Oral pathology
  • Stem cell biology
  • Immunohistochemistry

Background:

  • Acute periapical lesions have a higher potential for cyst formation.
  • Cells within these lesions exhibit characteristics of pluripotent stem cells, potentially influencing cyst development.
  • Further investigation of stem cell phenotypes in periapical abscesses is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the immunohistochemical expression of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers in periapical abscesses.
  • To compare MSC marker expression between acute and chronic periapical lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect MSC markers (CD44, CD73, CD105).
  • Samples included periapical abscesses, granulomas, cysts, and apical papillae (n=10 each).
  • Quantitative scoring and chi-square tests were used for analysis.

Main Results:

  • CD44 and CD73 were observed in mesenchymal cells of abscesses and cysts.
  • CD105 was found in mesenchymal and vascular endothelial cells.
  • Significantly higher MSC marker expression was noted in periapical abscesses (P < .05).

Conclusions:

  • The periapical region is a significant source of MSCs.
  • The elevated MSC presence in abscesses may be crucial for understanding periapical cyst formation pathways.