Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 10, 2026
07:18
HLA-Ig Based Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells for Efficient ex vivo Expansion of Human CTL
Published on: April 11, 2011
Summary
Human gut lamina propria contains natural killer (NK) cells and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, distinct from peripheral blood. These mucosal immune cells exhibit unique cytotoxic functions and phenotypes.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
- Cellular Biology
Background:
- Human intestinal lamina propria mononuclear cells possess cytotoxic functions.
- Previous studies indicated limited spontaneous cytotoxic activity in the human gut lamina propria.
- Natural killer (NK) cells are present in rodent gut mucosa but their role in human gut immunity is less clear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the presence and function of NK cells and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells in the human gut lamina propria.
- To characterize the phenotype of cytotoxic cells in the human gut mucosa.
- To compare mucosal cytotoxic cells with their counterparts in peripheral blood.
Main Methods:
- Immunofluorescence using the NKH-1 monoclonal antibody to identify NK cells in lamina propria lymphocytes.
- Cell panning technique to enrich for NKH-1+ cells.
- Chromium release assays to measure cytotoxic activity against K562 targets.
- Interleukin-2 (IL-2) culture to induce LAK cell activity.
- Phenotypic analysis using antibodies such as Leu-11, T4, T3, T11, and T8.
Main Results:
- 2-3% of human gut lamina propria lymphocytes were identified as NKH-1+.
- Enriched NKH-1+ cells showed significant cytotoxic activity, unlike unseparated lymphocytes.
- Mucosal NKH-1+ cells were Leu-11-, differing from peripheral blood NK cells.
- Depleted (NKH-1-) mucosal lymphocytes exhibited IL-2-induced cytotoxic activity (LAK cells).
- Precursors for LAK cells were identified as NKH-1-, Leu-11-, T4-, T3-, T11+, and T8+.
- Lamina propria T3+ cells demonstrated anti-CD3-induced T-cell cytotoxicity.
Conclusions:
- Functional natural killer (NK) and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells are present in the human gut mucosa.
- These mucosal cytotoxic cell populations are distinct from each other and from peripheral blood counterparts.
- Mucosal T cells possess anti-CD3-induced cytotoxic capabilities.
More Related Videos
11:18Expanding Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes from Umbilical Cord Blood that Target Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, and Adenovirus
Published on: May 7, 2012
10:01Radial Mobility and Cytotoxic Function of Retroviral Replicating Vector Transduced, Non-adherent Alloresponsive T Lymphocytes
Published on: February 11, 2015
Related Concept Videos
01:40Cell-mediated Immune Responses
Overview
01:26Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
01:24T Cell Types and Functions
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
01:27Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
01:29Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
01:27Cytomegalovirus Disease
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...