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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Continuous Venous-Arterial Doppler Ultrasound During a Preload Challenge
Published on: January 20, 2023
Custom-made Doppler ultrasound flow simulator for dialysis access using continuous renal replacement therapy machine
Hyung Seok Lee1, Pyoungju Park1, Sohee Han1
1Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
The purpose of this article was to introduce an easy and inexpensive way of making a simulator for training in Doppler ultrasound flow rate measurement using a continuous renal replacement therapy machine and home-made phantoms. A Doppler ultrasound flow simulator was made using a continuous renal replacement therapy machine and vascular phantoms for flow rate assessment of dialysis access with readily accessible components including rubber tube, keyboard cleaning gel, and freeze-dried instant coffee granules. The simulator is an affordable and easy method of Doppler ultrasound flow rate measurement training for dialysis staff using materials readily available in dialysis centers.
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Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
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