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A ritual by any other name.

Rohan Kapitány1, Christopher Kavanagh1

  • 1School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnology,University of Oxford,Oxford OX2 6PE,United Kingdom.rohankapitany@gmail.comchristopher.kavanagh@anthro.ox.ac.ukwww.rohankapitany.com.

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Summary

This study challenges the unique role of trance in Singh's framework, finding its features overlap with general rituals. A proposed solution aims to improve the framework's practical application in understanding altered states of consciousness.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Anthropology

Background:

  • The presented framework emphasizes the unique role of trance in explaining certain psychological phenomena.
  • Existing literature often highlights trance as a distinct state from general ritualistic practices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the distinctiveness of trance within the proposed framework.
  • To investigate the demarcation of trance features from broader ritualistic elements.
  • To enhance the operational utility of the framework for studying altered states of consciousness.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of trance features against general ritual characteristics.
  • Conceptual critique of the mechanisms proposed for trance induction and experience.
  • Development of a revised framework addressing identified limitations.

Main Results:

  • Features attributed to trance are not sufficiently distinct from those of general rituals.
  • The proposed mechanisms for trance lack depth and require further empirical validation.
  • A potential solution is outlined to refine the framework's operational utility.

Conclusions:

  • The privileged position of trance within the framework is questioned due to lack of clear differentiation from general rituals.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms underlying trance.
  • The proposed modifications can enhance the framework's applicability in the study of altered states and ritualistic behaviors.