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Related Concept Videos

Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations01:17

Solution Composition During Acid/Base Titrations

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The titration of a weak acid with a strong base results in the formation of water and the conjugate base of the acid. For instance, titrating acetic acid with sodium hydroxide leads to the formation of water and sodium acetate. A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate constitutes a buffer whose relative concentration at different stages of the titration is indicated by the α values, which represent percentages of the weak acid and its conjugate base.
The α0 and α1 values...
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Classifying Matter by Composition03:35

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Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures. 
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Composition of Blood01:22

Composition of Blood

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The blood in our bodies comprises three major components: blood plasma, formed elements, and the extracellular matrix. Blood plasma is a yellowish fluid that constitutes 55% of the total blood volume. It is primarily made up of water and essential substances such as electrolytes and proteins. Blood plasma serves as a medium for transporting blood cells and also contains nutrients, enzymes, hormones, antibodies, and gases.
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Composite Bodies00:55

Composite Bodies

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A composite body is a body made up of multiple parts, connected to form a larger, unified object. Each part has its own weight and center of gravity, which must be considered to determine the center of gravity of the composite body. In cases where the density or specific weight is constant, the center of gravity coincides with the centroid.
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Composition of Body Fluids01:29

Composition of Body Fluids

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Water functions as a solvent accommodating various solutes, which can be categorized under electrolytes and non-electrolytes. Non-electrolytes are usually held together by covalent bonds, restricting them from dissociating in solution, thereby leading to a lack of electrically charged components upon dissolving in water. They are predominantly organic molecules, such as glucose, creatinine, and urea. Electrolytes, on the other hand, are compounds that can break down into ions in water.
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Composition of Blood Plasma01:24

Composition of Blood Plasma

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Blood plasma is a fluid that contains approximately 92% water and 8% solutes. The solutes include various types of proteins, which constitute about 7% of the total solutes in the plasma. The high-molecular-weight proteins—albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen—are essential to plasma function. Albumins, making up about 60% of the plasma proteins, maintain the osmotic balance within blood vessels by preventing excessive water leakage. Additionally, albumins serve as carrier proteins,...
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Preparation of Aligned Steel Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composite and Its Flexural Behavior
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High-Performance Graphene-Based Cementitious Composites.

Małgorzata Krystek1,2, Dawid Pakulski2,3,4, Violetta Patroniak3

  • 1Department of Structural Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 5 44-100 Gliwice Poland.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|May 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel cement composite using electrochemically exfoliated graphene (EEG). This advanced material shows improved strength and microstructure without compromising workability, paving the way for nanomaterials in civil engineering.

Keywords:
Portland cementconsistencyelectrochemically exfoliated graphenemechanical propertiesstructural characterization

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Traditional cementitious composites often face limitations in mechanical properties and durability.
  • Graphene derivatives have shown potential for enhancing cement, but issues like agglomeration and workability reduction persist.
  • Developing effective methods for dispersing nanomaterials in cement is crucial for practical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel cementitious composite incorporating electrochemically exfoliated graphene (EEG).
  • To investigate the impact of EEG on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and workability of cement composites.
  • To explore the effect of EEG on cement hydration processes.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a cementitious composite using a simple and efficient method for uniform EEG dispersion.
  • Characterization of the composite's microstructure and mechanical properties (tensile strength, compressive strength, Young's modulus).
  • Assessment of workability and fluidity in the presence of EEG in an alkaline cement environment.

Main Results:

  • The developed composite exhibits significantly enhanced microstructure and mechanical properties compared to existing graphene-enhanced cements.
  • Uniform dispersion of EEG was achieved without surfactants, and EEG did not agglomerate in the alkaline cement environment, preserving workability.
  • A mere 0.05 wt% graphene content led to substantial increases: 79% in tensile strength, 8% in compressive strength, and 9% in Young's modulus.
  • EEG addition promoted the hydration of alite and belite, increasing the formation of the calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) phase.

Conclusions:

  • Electromechanically exfoliated graphene (EEG) is a highly effective additive for enhancing cementitious composites.
  • The developed manufacturing method ensures uniform dispersion and maintains workability, overcoming previous limitations of graphene derivatives in cement.
  • The enhanced mechanical properties and improved hydration kinetics indicate significant potential for EEG in advanced civil engineering materials.