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Determining the Functional Status of the Corticospinal Tract Within One Week of Stroke
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Changes in functional outcome over five years after stroke.

Åsa Rejnö1,2, Salmir Nasic3, Kerstin Bjälkefur4

  • 1Department of Medicine, Skaraborg Hospital Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.

Brain and Behavior
|May 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional outcomes after stroke can change for up to five years. While overall dependency remained stable, some independent patients declined annually, influenced by factors like age and diabetes. Early transitions to independence were observed.

Keywords:
functional outcomelongitudinal studyquality registerstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Long-term functional outcome data post-stroke is scarce.
  • Understanding functional trajectories is crucial for patient care and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term (5-year) changes in functional outcomes for stroke survivors.
  • To identify predictors of functional decline and improvement in activities of daily living (ADL).

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based cohort of 1,421 first-time stroke patients in Sweden were followed for 5 years.
  • Data collected via postal questionnaires and the Swedish Stroke Register.
  • Activities of Daily Living (ADL) dependency defined by specific criteria.

Main Results:

  • ADL dependency remained stable (19%-22%) among survivors over 5 years.
  • Approximately 3% of initially independent patients declined annually.
  • Age, diabetes, NIHSS score, and unmet care needs predicted deterioration.
  • Improvement was linked to not living alone, lower NIHSS, and ischemic stroke type.

Conclusions:

  • Functional transitions (independence/dependency) persist up to 5 years post-stroke.
  • Several factors influencing these transitions are potentially modifiable, offering targets for intervention.