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Laparoscopic Anterior Right Hepatectomy: A Single-Center Experience
Published on: December 4, 2023
Intraoperative blood loss and transfusion during primary pediatric liver transplantation: A single-center experience
Joshua A Villarreal1,2, Dor Yoeli3, Ruth L Ackah4
1Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
Insights
Pediatric liver transplant recipients experiencing massive blood loss or requiring transfusion face longer hospital stays. Longer operative times and technical graft variations increase these risks, while admission from home is protective.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Transplantation Surgery
- Pediatric Surgery
Background:
- Pediatric liver transplantation (PLT) carries risks of intraoperative hemorrhage and thrombotic events.
- Identifying risk factors for massive blood loss and transfusion is crucial for improving outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify novel risk factors for massive intraoperative blood loss and transfusion in PLT recipients.
- To assess the impact of massive blood loss and transfusion on graft survival and hospital length of stay (LOS).
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of primary PLTs from September 2007 to September 2016.
- Massive estimated blood loss (EBL) and massive transfusion (MT) defined as >85th percentile.
- Statistical analysis including backward stepwise regression.
Main Results:
- 15% of 250 PLT recipients experienced massive EBL, with significantly longer LOS (31.5 vs 11 days).
- Massive transfusion also correlated with increased LOS (34 vs 11 days).
- Independent risk factors for massive EBL/MT included longer operative time and technical variant grafts; admission from home was protective. Recipient weight was a risk factor for MT alone.
Conclusions:
- Massive EBL and MT are associated with significantly longer hospital LOS in PLT recipients.
- While not impacting overall graft survival, MT was a risk factor for 30-day graft loss.
- Operative time and graft type are key modifiable risk factors for intraoperative bleeding and transfusion needs.
Abstract:
Children undergoing liver transplantation are at a significant risk for intraoperative hemorrhage and thrombotic complications, we aim to identify novel risk factors for massive intraoperative blood loss and transfusion in PLT recipients and describe its impact on graft survival and hospital LOS. We reviewed all primary PLTs performed at our institution between September 2007 and September 2016. Data are presented as n (%) or median (interquartile range). EBL was standardized by weight. Massive EBL and MT were defined as greater than the 85th percentile of the cohort. 250 transplantations were performed during the study period. 38 (15%) recipients had massive EBL, and LOS was 31.5 (15-58) days compared to 11 (7-21) days among those without massive EBL (P < 0.001). MT median LOS was 34 (14-59) days compared to 11 (7-21) days among those without MT (P = 0.001). Upon backward stepwise regression, technical variant graft, operative time, and transfusion of FFP, platelet, and/or cryoprecipitate were significant independent risk factors for massive EBL and MT, while admission from home was a protective factor. Recipient weight was a significant independent risk factor for MT alone. Massive EBL and MT were not statistically significant for overall graft survival. MT was, however, a significant risk factor for 30-day graft loss. PLT recipients with massive EBL or MT had significantly longer LOS and increased 30-day graft loss in patients who required MT. We identified longer operative time and technical variant graft were significant independent risk factors for massive EBL and MT, while being admitted from home was a protective factor.
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