[Scrotal oedema: a urological chameleon]

We report the case of a 28-year-old patient with acute scrotal swelling. A chemical laboratory test revealed no evidence of inflammation and ultrasound demonstrated good blood flow in both testicles. Testicular torsion seemed to be unlikely based on the patient's medical history and the physical examination. Therefore, we decided not to perform surgical treatment. Possible differential diagnoses were ruled out over time, and the suspicion of acute idiopathic scrotal oedema (AISE) was confirmed. After one day of inpatient antiphlogistic treatment, the patient was discharged. This case example demonstrates that AISE may also occur in non-paediatric patients and the best way to diagnose it is to rule out the presence of other possible conditions.