Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Echo01:06

Echo

925
The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
Imagine the sound is reflected back to the ears. Assuming that the source is very close to the human, the difference between hearing the two sounds—the emitted sound and the reflected sound—may be more than the minimum time for perceiving distinct sounds. If this is the case,...
925
What is an Electrochemical Gradient?01:26

What is an Electrochemical Gradient?

127.5K
Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is considered the primary energy source in cells. However, energy can also be stored in the electrochemical gradient of an ion across the plasma membrane, which is determined by two factors: its chemical and electrical gradients.
The chemical gradient relies on differences in the abundance of a substance on the outside versus the inside of a cell and flows from areas of high to low ion concentration. In contrast, the electrical gradient revolves around an...
127.5K
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

6.5K
Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
6.5K
Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

3.7K
Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
3.7K
Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

4.0K
As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...
4.0K
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

1.5K
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
1.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Submillimeter postmortem and in vivo diffusion and susceptibility magnetic resonance imaging to characterize cortical micro- and meso-structures.

Research square·2026
Same author

CSF turnover dysfunction: a hidden early biomarker in iRBD?

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2026
Same author

Scout-based Multi-Echo NAvigator (SMENA) for high temporal resolution motion and B <sub>0</sub> estimation and correction: applications to multi-echo GRE and EPTI.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Multiphasic myelination and dendritic growth modulate qMRI signals in human visual cortex.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Layer-specific attentional modulation in the human primary somatosensory cortex.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

PRIME: Phase reversed interleaved multi-Echo acquisition enables highly accelerated distortion-corrected diffusion MRI.

Medical image analysis·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

13.2K

Accelerated whole-brain perfusion imaging using a simultaneous multislice spin-echo and gradient-echo sequence with

Mary Kate Manhard1,2, Berkin Bilgic1,2, Congyu Liao1,2

  • 1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|May 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an accelerated MRI sequence for dynamic quantitative R2 and R2* mapping during contrast imaging, improving whole-brain coverage and resolution for better tumor diagnostics.

Keywords:
dynamic susceptibility contrastjoint reconstructionparallel imagingperfusionsimultaneous multislicevirtual coil

More Related Videos

Study of Protein Dynamics via Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy
08:03

Study of Protein Dynamics via Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy

Published on: April 13, 2022

2.5K
Author Spotlight: Optimized Lung MRI Protocol with Computationally Efficient Reconstruction Methods
05:07

Author Spotlight: Optimized Lung MRI Protocol with Computationally Efficient Reconstruction Methods

Published on: September 6, 2024

733

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

13.2K
Study of Protein Dynamics via Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy
08:03

Study of Protein Dynamics via Neutron Spin Echo Spectroscopy

Published on: April 13, 2022

2.5K
Author Spotlight: Optimized Lung MRI Protocol with Computationally Efficient Reconstruction Methods
05:07

Author Spotlight: Optimized Lung MRI Protocol with Computationally Efficient Reconstruction Methods

Published on: September 6, 2024

733

Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Quantitative Perfusion Imaging
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging faces limitations in spatial coverage and resolution due to high temporal sampling needs.
  • Multi-echo acquisitions for quantitative imaging are essential to address contrast leakage but further restrict spatial encoding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an accelerated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence for enhanced spatio-temporal resolution and whole-brain coverage.
  • To enable dynamic quantitative R2 and R2* mapping during contrast-enhanced perfusion imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a multi-echo spin and gradient-echo sequence with simultaneous multislice acquisition.
  • Utilized complementary k-space sampling, joint virtual coil reconstruction, and dynamic phase-matching for 9-fold acceleration.
  • Achieved 2 × 2 × 5 mm whole-brain imaging with a repetition time (TR) of 1.5–1.7 seconds.

Main Results:

  • Joint virtual coil reconstruction yielded improved image quality and g-factor compared to conventional methods.
  • Demonstrated high-quality reconstruction at 9-fold acceleration with whole-brain coverage.
  • Enabled accurate quantitative R2 and R2* mapping for perfusion measures like cerebral blood flow and volume.

Conclusions:

  • The joint virtual coil-GRAPPA reconstruction facilitates high acceleration factors while preserving image quality for quantitative perfusion mapping.
  • This accelerated technique holds potential for improved tumor diagnostics and monitoring through enhanced perfusion assessment.