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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

39.9K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
9.0K
Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes02:16

Comparing Mitochondrial, Chloroplast, and Prokaryotic Genomes

15.6K
The present-day mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes have retained some of the characteristics of their ancestral prokaryotes and also have acquired new attributes during their evolution within eukaryotic cells. Like prokaryotic genomes, mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes neither bind with histone-like proteins nor show complex packaging into chromosome-like structures, as observed in eukaryotes. Unlike mitotic cell divisions observed in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts...
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Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

4.0K
Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes00:46

Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes

48.4K
The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
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Isolating Malignant and Non-Malignant B Cells from lck:eGFP Zebrafish
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Genomic testing in myeloid malignancy.

T Roderick Docking1, Aly Karsan1,2,3

  • 1Experimental Medicine Program, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

International Journal of Laboratory Hematology
|May 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is revolutionizing genetic testing for myeloid malignancies, offering broader insights than traditional methods. Addressing challenges like incidental findings and turnaround time is crucial for realizing the full potential of these advanced genomic technologies.

Keywords:
RNA-seqclinical testingleukemiamyeloid malignancynext-generation sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Clinical genetic testing for myeloid malignancies is shifting from cytogenetics and single-gene assays.
  • Next-generation sequencing (NGS) represents a significant advancement in this field.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the transition to NGS-based genetic testing in myeloid malignancies.
  • To highlight the benefits and drawbacks of novel sequencing technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on NGS platforms for myeloid malignancies.
  • Discussion of analytical and clinical considerations for NGS implementation.

Main Results:

  • NGS enables broader surveying of genetic alterations compared to older methods.
  • Transcriptome-based testing offers unique advantages.
  • Potential benefits exist for genetic testing at diagnosis, pre-onset, and remission.

Conclusions:

  • NGS technologies present both opportunities and challenges in myeloid malignancy diagnostics.
  • Careful consideration of platform-specific risks and benefits is essential for clinical integration.