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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Polymers02:34

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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Modified Boxplots00:57

Modified Boxplots

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A standard box and whisker plot informs us about the spread of the data in a given sample. One can identify the minimum value, maximum value, first quartile value, second quartile or median value, and third quartile.
However, the box plot does not tell the reader about outliers - values that lie far from the center of the data. We can modify the standard box and whisker plot to identify the outliers and visualize the actual spread of the data in a sample.
Initially, we calculate the adjusted...
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Preparation and Friction Force Microscopy Measurements of Immiscible, Opposing Polymer Brushes
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Polymer Brush Graft-Modified Starch-Based Nanoparticles as Pickering Emulsifiers.

Xiaopeng Pei1,2, Kankan Zhai1,2, Chao Wang1,2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022 , PR China.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|May 10, 2019
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Summary

We developed novel biosourced Pickering stabilizers from starch nanoparticles with thermo-responsive polymer shells. These particles enable reversible oil-water emulsification and demulsification, controlled by temperature changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Colloid Science

Background:

  • Developing effective and sustainable Pickering stabilizers is crucial for emulsion technology.
  • Biosourced materials offer environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional stabilizers.
  • Thermo-responsive polymers can provide tunable emulsion properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize biosourced core-shell particles for Pickering stabilization.
  • To investigate the thermo-responsive emulsification/demulsification capabilities of these particles.
  • To explore the influence of polymer brush grafting on interfacial activity.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of initiator-functionalized starch-based nanospheres (Br-SNP) via precipitation.
  • Grafting of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) brushes onto Br-SNP using surface-initiated single-electron transfer living radical polymerization (SI-SET-LRP).
  • Analysis of interfacial properties using tensiometry and evaluation of Pickering emulsion stability.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of SNP-g-PNIPAM core-shell nanoparticles.
  • Demonstrated reversible emulsification and demulsification of oil-water systems by temperature changes.
  • Interfacial activity was found to depend on grafted polymer chain length and temperature.

Conclusions:

  • SNP-g-PNIPAM particles act as effective, thermo-responsive Pickering stabilizers.
  • The developed system offers a sustainable approach for tunable emulsion stabilization.
  • Reversible control over emulsification/demulsification by temperature presents new possibilities for emulsion applications.