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Related Concept Videos

Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

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The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
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Drug Absorption: Factors Affecting GI Absorption01:19

Drug Absorption: Factors Affecting GI Absorption

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The process of oral drug absorption can be influenced by several factors. Weakly acidic drugs tend to be absorbed more readily from the stomach due to their nonionized state. However, absorption may be less efficient in the upper intestine, where drugs are often ionized. Interestingly, despite the stomach's apparent advantage for drug absorption, its mucous layer can hinder diffusion. Its surface area is also smaller than the intestine's, which can further slow down the absorption rate.
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Respiratory Capacities01:24

Respiratory Capacities

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Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
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Carbohydrate Absorption01:25

Carbohydrate Absorption

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Carbohydrates are essential macronutrients that serve as the body's primary energy source. Their digestion begins in the mouth, where salivary amylase partially breaks down complex carbohydrates such as starch into smaller oligosaccharides. This mechanical and enzymatic activity prepares carbohydrates for further processing in the gastrointestinal tract.
After being swallowed, the partially digested carbohydrates mix with gastric secretions in the stomach. However, the acidic environment...
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Absorption of Nutrients01:19

Absorption of Nutrients

3.0K
Absorption refers to taking dietary nutrients from the intestinal lumen for transportation throughout the body. After digestion in the small intestine, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down into simpler forms. These essential macronutrients and other vital substances, such as vitamins, minerals, and water, are then prepared for absorption into the bloodstream.
Enterocytes, which are specialized polar epithelial cells, line the mucosa of the small intestinal walls. These cells...
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Protein Absorption01:12

Protein Absorption

967
Proteins in the gastrointestinal tract typically come from food, but they can also originate from disintegrated cells or secreted enzymes. In the stomach, the enzyme pepsin breaks down these proteins into polypeptides. The fragments then move into the duodenum as a semi-fluid mass called chyme. Pancreatic proteases, such as trypsin and chymotrypsin, and intestinal brush border enzymes like carboxypeptidases further dismantle the polypeptides into tripeptides, dipeptides, and free amino acids.
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Enhanced Oil Recovery using a Combination of Biosurfactants
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Enhanced Oil Recovery using a Combination of Biosurfactants

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EcoFlex Sponge with Ultrahigh Oil Absorption Capacity.

Zihan Lu1, Jun Song1, Kewen Pan2

  • 1School of Materials , The University of Manchester , Manchester , M13 9PL , U.K.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|May 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed an eco-friendly, porous EcoFlex sponge using paraffin microspheres for selective oil and chemical absorption from water. This durable sponge demonstrates high capacity and rapid absorption, making it suitable for environmental applications.

Keywords:
EcoFlexabsorption capacityparaffin microspherespongetemplate

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Effective oil spill remediation and chemical removal from water are critical environmental challenges.
  • Existing absorbents often lack selectivity, efficiency, or reusability.
  • Development of sustainable and cost-effective absorbent materials is highly desirable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, eco-friendly 3D porous sponge for selective absorption of oils and chemicals from aqueous solutions.
  • To investigate the structural properties and absorption capabilities of the developed EcoFlex sponge.
  • To assess the sponge's performance in terms of capacity, rate, selectivity, and durability.

Main Methods:

  • A paraffin microsphere-templated method was employed to create a 3D porous EcoFlex sponge.
  • The sponge's hydrophobicity and oleophilicity were characterized using contact angle measurements.
  • Absorption capacity and rate were evaluated using various oils (e.g., chloroform, hexane) and organic solvents.
  • Durability and reusability were tested through multiple absorption-desorption and compression cycles.

Main Results:

  • The EcoFlex sponge exhibited high hydrophobicity (contact angle 140-143°) and oleophilicity.
  • The sponge demonstrated excellent absorption capacity, reaching up to 3400 wt % for chloroform.
  • Rapid absorption rates were observed, with significant capacity achieved in just 2 minutes.
  • The sponge showed remarkable volume expansion (up to 2200% for hexane) and maintained its performance after 15 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • The paraffin microsphere-templated EcoFlex sponge offers a promising, eco-friendly solution for oil and chemical spill cleanup.
  • Its unique porous structure, high hydrophobicity, and oleophilicity contribute to superior absorption performance.
  • The sponge's durability and reusability make it a cost-effective and sustainable option for environmental remediation.