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Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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CellTag Indexing: genetic barcode-based sample multiplexing for single-cell genomics.

Chuner Guo1,2,3, Wenjun Kong1,2,3, Kenji Kamimoto1,2,3

  • 1Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8103, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.

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|May 11, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CellTag Indexing is a new genetic multiplexing tool for high-throughput single-cell studies. This lentiviral barcode system enables precise tracking of cell populations over time, improving experimental design and data interpretation.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • High-throughput single-cell assays present challenges in experimental design and data analysis.
  • Multiplexing and batch effect removal are critical for accurate interpretation of single-cell data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce CellTag Indexing, a novel lentiviral barcode-based method for genetic multiplexing in single-cell studies.
  • To demonstrate the application of CellTag Indexing for tracking cell populations over time and across various experimental conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a lentiviral system for heritable genetic barcoding of cell populations.
  • Application of CellTag Indexing for transcriptome sequencing across diverse cell types.
  • Utilizing CellTag Indexing for in vivo tracking of cell engraftment and differentiation.

Main Results:

  • CellTag Indexing enables robust tagging, pooling, and tracking of distinct cell populations within a single experiment.
  • Demonstrated successful application in transcriptome sequencing and long-term in vivo cell tracking.
  • The method is shown to be effective across various cell types and experimental setups.

Conclusions:

  • CellTag Indexing provides a versatile and broadly applicable genetic multiplexing solution for single-cell research.
  • This approach complements existing single-cell technologies, enhancing experimental design and data reliability.
  • CellTag Indexing facilitates accurate long-term monitoring of cellular processes in complex biological systems.