Axillary artery laceration after anterior shoulder dislocation reduction

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Vascular Surgery
• Emergency Medicine

Background:

• Anterior shoulder dislocation is common, with rotator cuff tears and recurrence as frequent complications.
• Less common complications include fractures, neurological deficits, and vascular injuries.
• Axillary artery injury occurs in 1-2% of shoulder dislocations.

Observation:

• An 81-year-old male presented with right shoulder pain after a fall, exhibiting signs of dislocation.
• Following reduction, the patient developed axillary pain and absent peripheral pulses.
• Computed tomography angiography confirmed a right axillary artery rupture.

Findings:

• The case highlights a rare but severe complication of shoulder dislocation: axillary artery injury.
• Vascular compromise following shoulder reduction necessitates urgent evaluation.

Implications:

• Axillary artery injury associated with shoulder dislocation is a critical condition.
• Delayed diagnosis and treatment can lead to limb loss and mortality.
• This case underscores the importance of vigilant vascular assessment post-reduction.