Zero-Field and Field-Induced Interactions between Multicore Magnetic Nanoparticles

In this paper, the Langevin dynamics simulation method is used to study magnetic interactions between a pair of multicore magnetic nanoparticles subjected to a uniform magnetic field. Multicore nanoparticles are modelled as spherical rigid clusters of single-domain superparamagnetic cores coupled via dipole-dipole interactions. It is shown that the magnetic force between two well-separated clusters in a strong applied field can be accurately described within the induced point-dipole approximation. However, this approximation also assumes that there are no interactions between clusters in the zero-field limit. On the contrary, simulations indicate the existence of a relatively small attractive magnetic force between clusters, even in the absence of an applied field. It is shown that this force is a direct superparamagnetic analog of the van der Waals interaction between a pair of dielectric spheres.