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Medications Associated with Increased Risk of Keratinocyte Carcinoma

Lauren D Crow1, Katherine A Kaizer-Salk1, Hailey M Juszczak1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, 1701 Divisadero Street, Box 0316, San Francisco, CA 94143-0316, USA.

Dermatologic Clinics
|May 16, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Certain medications increase the risk of keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) by affecting immune surveillance and DNA repair. This review examines drugs linked to increased or decreased KC risk.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Medications, both short-term and long-term, are associated with an elevated risk of keratinocyte carcinoma (KC).
  • Immunosuppressive drugs can increase KC and melanoma risk by reducing immune surveillance and directly affecting DNA replication and repair.
  • Photosensitizing medications have been epidemiologically linked to a higher incidence of KC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing literature on medications associated with an increased risk of keratinocyte carcinoma (KC).
  • To explore the mechanisms by which drugs may influence KC development, including immune modulation and DNA damage.
  • To identify medications that may potentially decrease KC risk.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical and epidemiologic studies.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms for drug-induced KC risk.
  • Synthesis of findings on medications affecting KC risk.

Main Results:

  • Immunosuppressants and photosensitizing agents are linked to increased KC risk.
  • Mechanisms include reduced immune surveillance, DNA replication/repair interference, and direct carcinogenicity.
  • Some medications may offer a protective effect against KC.

Conclusions:

  • Medication use is a significant factor influencing keratinocyte carcinoma risk.
  • Understanding these associations is crucial for risk assessment and prevention strategies.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate protective medication effects and refine management guidelines.
Keywords:
CarcinogenImmunosuppressionKeratinocyte carcinomaMedicationPhotosensitization

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