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Trunnion Corrosion in Total Hip Arthroplasty-Basic Concepts.

Kenneth L Urish1, Nicholas John Giori2, Jack E Lemons3

  • 1Arthritis and Arthroplasty Design Group, The Bone and Joint Center, Magee Womens Hospital of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 300 Halket Street, Suite 1601, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

The Orthopedic Clinics of North America
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Corrosion at the femoral head-neck junction in total hip arthroplasty can lead to early implant failure. Understanding different corrosion types and passive layer dynamics is crucial for preventing adverse tissue reactions.

Keywords:
Adverse local tissue reactionCorrosionHead neck taper corrosionPassive layerTotal hip arthroplastyTrunnion

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic surgery
  • Biomaterials science
  • Corrosion engineering

Background:

  • Growing concern regarding early implant failures in total hip arthroplasty.
  • Adverse local tissue reactions linked to implant corrosion.
  • Importance of understanding corrosion mechanisms in orthopaedic implants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the relationship between various corrosion types and early implant failures.
  • To elucidate the role of passive layer dynamics in orthopaedic corrosion.
  • To identify specific implant locations prone to corrosion.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of corrosion types in orthopaedic surgery.
  • Analysis of passive layer dynamics in implant corrosion.
  • Examination of the femoral head-neck trunnion as a corrosion site.

Main Results:

  • Identified uniform, pitting, crevice, and fretting/mechanically assisted crevice corrosion (MACC) as key types.
  • Passive layer dynamics critically influence all corrosion processes.
  • The femoral head-neck trunnion presents a conducive environment for corrosion due to fluid limitation, acidity, and mechanical stress.

Conclusions:

  • Corrosion is a significant factor in early total hip arthroplasty failure.
  • Understanding passive layer behavior is vital for mitigating corrosion.
  • The femoral head-neck junction is a high-risk area for implant corrosion.