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Maternal stress and adolescent brain structure and function.

Claire E Niehaus1, Tara M Chaplin1, Stefanie F Gonçalves1

  • 1Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA.

Brain and Behavior
|May 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Maternal perceived stress, not cortisol levels, is linked to adolescent brain responses to negative images. This suggests parental stress may influence adolescent neural development and mental health.

Keywords:
adolescencefMRImPFCparent cortisolparent stresssMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Adolescence is a critical period for the development of stress-related psychopathology.
  • Understanding environmental influences on adolescent stress systems is crucial.
  • The impact of maternal stress on the adolescent brain remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between maternal stress (perceived and cortisol reactivity) and adolescent brain structure and function.
  • To examine how maternal stress influences adolescent neural responses to negative emotional stimuli.

Main Methods:

  • 66 mother-adolescent dyads (adolescents aged 12-14) participated.
  • Maternal perceived stress and salivary cortisol reactivity were measured.
  • Adolescent brain structure and functional activation were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Main Results:

  • Higher maternal perceived stress predicted greater adolescent medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activation in response to negative stimuli.
  • Maternal cortisol reactivity did not show significant associations with adolescent brain responses.
  • No significant associations were found for adolescent brain structure.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal perceived stress may influence the development of neural stress systems in adolescents.
  • The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in adolescents appears sensitive to maternal stress levels.
  • These findings have potential implications for understanding the development of adolescent psychopathology.