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Protein-protein Interfaces02:04

Protein-protein Interfaces

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Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. Most PPIs are stabilized by numerous weak noncovalent chemical forces. The physical shape of the interfaces determines the way two proteins interact. Many globular proteins have closely-matching shapes on their surfaces, which form a large number of weak bonds. Additionally, many PPIs occur between two helices or between a surface cleft and a...
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Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
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An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
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Green Fluorescent Protein-based Expression Screening of Membrane Proteins in Escherichia coli
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Dkk (Dickkopf) Proteins.

Roberta Baetta1, Cristina Banfi1

  • 1From the Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milano, Italy.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
|May 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dickkopf (Dkk) proteins, particularly Dkk-1, are increasingly recognized for their role in atherosclerosis development. Modulating Dkk signaling may offer new strategies for treating atherosclerosis-related diseases.

Keywords:
atherosclerosisendotheliuminflammationligandsproteins

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Medicine
  • Cell Signaling

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis involves numerous signaling pathways, with Wnt signaling emerging as a key player.
  • Dickkopf (Dkk) proteins, especially Dkk-1, are well-characterized Wnt modulators.
  • The specific role of Dkks in arterial wall pathophysiology and atherosclerosis is under active investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on Dkk proteins and their functions in atherosclerosis.
  • To discuss the potential of targeting Dkk signaling for atherosclerosis prevention and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical and preclinical studies.
  • Analysis of Wnt signaling pathways and Dkk protein involvement.
  • Discussion of therapeutic strategies targeting Dkk signaling.

Main Results:

  • Wnt signaling pathways are crucial in atherosclerosis initiation and progression.
  • Dkk proteins, particularly Dkk-1, are implicated in the pathophysiology of the arterial wall.
  • Evidence suggests Dkk proteins play a significant role in the development of atherosclerosis.

Conclusions:

  • Dkk proteins are important modulators in the context of atherosclerosis.
  • Targeting Dkk signaling presents a promising avenue for novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research into Dkk functions could lead to improved prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis-related diseases.