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There are three types of hypothesis tests: right-tailed, left-tailed, and two-tailed.
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A review of issues about null hypothesis Bayesian testing.

Jorge N Tendeiro1, Henk A L Kiers1

  • 1Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, University of Groningen.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) faces criticism. While Bayes factors offer an alternative through null hypothesis Bayesian testing (NHBT), this method has potential issues and misinterpretations.

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Area of Science:

  • Statistics
  • Psychological Research Methods

Background:

  • Null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) has faced widespread criticism for decades.
  • Numerous issues with NHST have been documented in scientific literature.
  • Bayes factors are proposed as an alternative to p-values for hypothesis testing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of potential issues and misinterpretations associated with null hypothesis Bayesian testing (NHBT).
  • To illustrate the shortcomings of NHBT using reproducible examples.
  • To discuss the broader implications of NHBT and statistical testing in research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on NHST and Bayesian alternatives.
  • Development and illustration of potential problems with NHBT.
  • Comparative analysis of Bayes factors and posterior model probabilities.

Main Results:

  • Identification of various limitations and sources of misinterpretation in NHBT.
  • Demonstration of NHBT shortcomings through practical, reproducible examples.
  • Highlighting that posterior model probabilities may be more informative than Bayes factors for common research questions.

Conclusions:

  • NHBT, while an alternative to NHST, presents its own set of challenges and potential for misinterpretation.
  • Posterior model probabilities are recommended over Bayes factors for directly addressing typical research inquiries.
  • A critical re-evaluation of statistical testing practices, including NHBT, is warranted.