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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System ANS Activity in Toddlers - Resting and Developmental Challenges
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Evaluating exercise challenge to validate cardiac autonomic dysfunction in lean PCOS phenotype.

Abha Mishra1, Renuka Sharma2, Pratima Mittal3

  • 1Department of Physiology, Vardhaman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology
|May 17, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Lean Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) patients exhibit normal heart rate variability (HRV) at rest. However, exercise reveals reduced sympathetic drive, suggesting latent cardiac autonomic dysfunction in lean PCOS.

Keywords:
exercise testingheart rate variabilitypolycystic ovary syndrome

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Function

Background:

  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is linked to infertility, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes.
  • Cardiac autonomic dysfunction is documented in long-term PCOS, but less is known about lean phenotypes.
  • Heart Rate Variability (HRV) assesses cardiac autonomic tone.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cardiac autonomic tone in lean PCOS patients using an exercise challenge.
  • To assess if exercise unmasks autonomic dysfunction in newly diagnosed lean PCOS.

Main Methods:

  • Compared HRV in 27 lean PCOS patients and 25 healthy controls.
  • Assessed short-term HRV using time and frequency domains at baseline and post-exercise.
  • Used moderate, isotonic exercise as an interventional tool.

Main Results:

  • Baseline HRV indices were comparable between PCOS patients and controls.
  • Low-frequency (LF) power, indicating sympathetic drive, was significantly reduced in PCOS patients post-exercise (p=0.03).
  • Time domain HRV indices showed a non-significant fall post-exercise in PCOS patients.

Conclusions:

  • Lean PCOS patients may have latent autonomic dysfunction unmasked by exercise.
  • Reduced post-exercise LF power suggests impaired sympathetic response in lean PCOS.
  • HRV response to exercise may be a sensitive tool for early cardiovascular risk screening in lean PCOS.