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Evidence for a conserved quantity in human mobility.

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Human mobility reveals a consistent number of familiar locations (~25) despite exploration. This conserved quantity in human movement correlates with social interactions, bridging mobility and cognitive science.

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Area of Science:

  • Complex systems
  • Human mobility patterns
  • Social network analysis

Background:

  • Human mobility studies present conflicting views: individuals use few familiar locations but also explore new places over time.
  • Reconciling these observations requires understanding the long-term dynamics of human movement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To resolve the apparent contradiction between the limited set of frequently visited locations and the continuous exploration in human mobility.
  • To investigate the evolution of mobility patterns and identify conserved quantities.
  • To explore the relationship between an individual's mobility behavior and their social network size.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of high-resolution, multi-year mobility traces from approximately 40,000 individuals across four datasets.
  • Longitudinal analysis of mobility pattern evolution.
  • Correlation analysis between the number of preferred locations and social interactions.

Main Results:

  • Human mobility patterns evolve smoothly over time.
  • The number of familiar locations visited by an individual at any given time is a conserved quantity, typically around 25.
  • The size of an individual's preferred location set correlates with their number of social interactions, potentially linking to the Dunbar number.

Conclusions:

  • The apparent contradiction in human mobility is resolved by considering long-term pattern evolution.
  • A conserved quantity in human mobility, related to the number of familiar locations, is identified and linked to social behavior.
  • This research bridges the fields of human mobility, complex systems, and cognitive/behavioral sciences.