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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation
Published on: May 31, 2016
Septic myocardial calcification: A case report
Aniello Maiese1, Federico Manetti2, Raffaele La Russa1
1Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 336, 00161, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense 18, Pozzilli, 86077, Italy.
Insights
This study reports a rare case of myocardial calcification in a patient with sepsis. Histological examination revealed extensive calcification in the right atrial wall, highlighting a potential complication of severe sepsis.
Area of Science:
- Pathology
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Sepsis can lead to various cardiac histological changes, including myocytolysis and fibrosis.
- Septic myocardial calcification is an exceedingly rare condition with unclear pathogenesis.
- Existing knowledge on myocardial calcification primarily recognizes metastatic or dystrophic mechanisms.
Observation:
- A 72-year-old male with polytrauma developed sepsis on day 110.
- Transesophageal echocardiogram identified right atrial wall calcification; no predisposing systemic factors were noted.
- The patient died from septic shock and multi-organ failure on day 149.
Findings:
- Autopsy confirmed a calcified, firm right atrial wall with a greenish-brown formation.
- Histological examination revealed extensive subendocardial calcification with fibrin deposition and surrounding fibrosis.
Implications:
- This case expands the understanding of rare cardiac manifestations of severe sepsis.
- It underscores the importance of considering myocardial calcification in sepsis survivors with cardiac abnormalities.
- Further research into the specific mechanisms of sepsis-induced myocardial calcification is warranted.
Abstract:
The histological findings in the heart in cases of fatal sepsis can show myocytolysis, interstitial fibrosis, necrotic contraction band, mononuclear infiltrates, and interstitial edema, which can be used in post mortem diagnosis of sepsis. Septic myocardial calcification is a very rare condition, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. In general, the pathogenesis of the myocardial calcification has not been well clarified, but two pathogenic mechanisms have been universally recognized: metastatic or dystrophic. We present a rare case of sepsis-related myocardial calcification. Here we report a case involving a 72-year-old white male who was admitted to a hospital for a polytrauma caused by a motorbike accident. On the 110th day of hospitalization, the patient was diagnosed with a septic process and a subsequent transesophageal echocardiogram revealed the presence of a calcification on the right atrial wall. According to the medical history of the patient there were no systemic factors predisposing to calcium crystals deposition in tissues. Patient died due to multi-organ failure in the course of multimicrobial septic shock during the 149th day. The autopsy revealed both the presence of a greenish-brown formation and a greater consistency of the right atrial wall. The histological investigation of the right atrium wall showed a wide calcification area localized at subendocardial level, which contained fibrin deposition and was surrounded by fibrotic tissue.
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