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Related Concept Videos

Criteria for Causality: Bradford Hill Criteria - II01:28

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The Bradford Hill criteria serve as guidelines for establishing causative links in epidemiological research. Beyond Strength, Consistency, Specificity, and Temporality, key criteria also include Biological Gradient, Plausibility, Coherence, Experiment, and Analogy. These principles assist scientists in assessing the likelihood of causation in complex biological contexts. Below is a summary of these concepts:
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Criteria for Causality: Bradford Hill Criteria - I01:30

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Physiological models in pharmacokinetics are instrumental in understanding the distribution and elimination of drugs within the body. These models describe the drug concentration within target organs, influenced by factors such as drug uptake, tissue volume, and blood flow. Drug uptake is governed by the partition coefficient, which signifies the drug concentration ratio in tissue to that in the blood. The blood flow rate to a specific tissue is expressed as Qt, and the rate of change in tissue...
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Assessing stormwater control measures using modelling and a multi-criteria approach.

Matej Radinja1, Joaquim Comas2, Lluís Corominas3

  • 1Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Journal of Environmental Management
|May 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a method for selecting stormwater control measures (SCM) using modeling and multi-criteria analysis. Infiltration basins were found to be the most effective SCM for urban drainage, outperforming traditional infrastructure.

Keywords:
Combined sewer overflowMulti-criteria analysisNature-based solutionsSWMMStormwater control measuresSustainable urban drainage systems

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Urban Hydrology
  • Water Resource Management

Background:

  • Urban drainage systems face challenges from increased runoff and pollution.
  • Selecting appropriate stormwater control measures (SCM) is crucial for effective urban water management.
  • Traditional grey infrastructure often has limitations in terms of cost and environmental benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel methodology for assessing and selecting SCMs in urban catchments.
  • To compare the performance of nature-based SCMs against traditional grey infrastructure.
  • To evaluate SCMs based on multiple criteria including environmental, economic, and social factors.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of hydrological-hydraulic modeling (SWMM) with multi-criteria analysis (MCA).
  • Simulation of seven distinct SCM scenarios, including grey infrastructure (underground storage tank) and nature-based solutions (infiltration basins, trenches, green roofs).
  • Evaluation of scenarios based on criteria such as combined sewer overflow (CSO) reduction, capital expenditure (CAPEX), operational expenditure (OPEX), amenity, biodiversity, and feasibility.

Main Results:

  • The scenario featuring only infiltration basins demonstrated the most favorable outcomes across evaluated criteria.
  • A combination of infiltration basins and trenches also showed strong performance.
  • The underground storage tank (grey infrastructure) yielded the lowest overall score due to high costs and limited functionality.

Conclusions:

  • Nature-based stormwater control measures, particularly infiltration basins, are highly effective for urban drainage.
  • The proposed methodology provides a robust framework for informed SCM selection.
  • Prioritizing nature-based solutions can lead to more sustainable and cost-effective urban water management.