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Microbiome on the Bone-Anchored Hearing System: A Prospective Study.

Tim G A Calon1, Margarita Trobos2, Martin L Johansson2,3

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Frontiers in Microbiology
|May 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that specific bacteria like Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus are linked to inflammation around bone-anchored hearing systems (BAHS). Early identification of patients prone to inflammation is possible using advanced analysis.

Keywords:
BAHSHolgers IndexIS-probone-anchored devicesmicrobiomepercutaneous implant

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Microbiology
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Bone-anchored hearing system (BAHS) is a common treatment for hearing loss.
  • Soft tissue reactions around the BAHS implant are frequent but poorly understood complications.
  • Investigating the percutaneous BAHS microbiota is crucial for understanding associated skin reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of BAHS on the skin microbiota around the implant.
  • To identify bacterial species associated with soft tissue reactions and inflammation.
  • To explore the potential for early prediction of inflammation susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 45 patients implanted with BAHS for at least 1 year.
  • Microbiota assessment using IS-pro™ (16S-23S rRNA gene interspace region) at baseline, 12 weeks, and during inflammation.
  • Analysis included operational taxonomic units, Shannon Diversity Index, similarity analyses, and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA).

Main Results:

  • Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus showed the highest relative abundance in inflamed cases.
  • Staphylococcus pneumoniae/mitis increased post-implantation, while Propionibacterium acnes decreased.
  • PLS-DA predicted inflammation susceptibility at baseline (91.7% accuracy) and classified inflamed/non-inflamed abutments post-surgically (97.7% accuracy).

Conclusions:

  • IS-pro™ is effective for quantifying microbiota associated with percutaneous BAHS.
  • Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are key bacteria implicated in BAHS-associated inflammation.
  • Early identification of patients susceptible to adverse skin reactions is feasible, enabling proactive management.