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[Effect of Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Phenotype Polarization of Mice Microglia via TLR3/TRIF Signal

Jing Sun1,2, Yi-Lun Liu3, Can Li1

  • 1Department of Pathophysiology and Pathology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.

Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical Science Edition
|May 21, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) inhibit microglia proliferation and M1 polarization while promoting M2 phenotype. This effect may involve the TLR4-TRIF signaling pathway.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Cellular Signaling

Background:

  • Microglia play a crucial role in neuroinflammation.
  • Phenotypic polarization of microglia into M1 (pro-inflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) states influences neurological outcomes.
  • Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) have immunomodulatory properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of hADMSCs on microglia polarization.
  • To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of hADMSCs' effects on microglia.

Main Methods:

  • BV-2 microglia were co-cultured with hADMSCs and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or LPS alone.
  • Microglial proliferation was assessed using CCK-8 assay.
  • M1/M2 phenotype markers were analyzed by RT-qPCR.
  • Protein expression of the TLR4-TRIF pathway was evaluated by Western blot.

Main Results:

  • hADMSCs significantly inhibited LPS-induced microglial proliferation.
  • hADMSCs reduced M1 phenotype markers and increased M2 phenotype markers at the gene level.
  • Protein levels of TLR4, TRIF, P-IRF3, and IRF3 were decreased following hADMSCs treatment.

Conclusions:

  • hADMSCs effectively block LPS-induced pro-inflammatory M1 microglia polarization.
  • hADMSCs promote a protective M2 microglia phenotype.
  • The mechanism may involve the inhibition of the TLR4-TRIF signaling pathway.
Keywords:
Human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs)PhenotypeToll-like receptors (TLRs)

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