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Abdominal Surgical Site Infection Incidence and Risk Factors in a Mexican Population

Crystell Guzmán-García1, Oscar I Flores-Barrientos, Isela E Juárez-Rojop

  • 1In Tabasco, Mexico, Crystell Guzmán-García, MD, is a Doctor, Surveillance Unit for Healthcare-Associated Infections, Dr Juan Graham Casasus Hospital; Oscar I. Flores-Barrientos, MD, is a Doctor, Surveillance Unit for Healthcare-Associated Infections, Dr Juan Graham Casasus Hospital; Isela E. Juárez-Rojop, PhD, is a Researcher, Division of Health Sciences, Juárez University; Julio C. Robledo-Pascual, MD, is a Doctor, Pulmonary Service, Dr Juan Graham Casasus Hospital; Manuel A. Baños-González, MD, is Director of Teaching and Research, Dr Juan Graham Casasus Hospital; Carlos A. Tovilla-Zárate, PhD, is a Researcher, Multidisciplinary Division at Comalcalco, Juárez Autonomous University; Yazmín Hernández-Díaz, MD, is a Researcher, Multidisciplinary Division at Jalpa de Méndez, Juárez Autonomous University; and Thelma B. González-Castro, PhD, is a Research Professor, Division of Multidisciplinary Studies at Jalpa de Méndez, Juárez Autonomous University. Acknowledgments: The authors appreciate the technical support provided by the members of the Surveillance Unit for Healthcare-Associated Infections at the Dr Juan Graham Casasus Hospital. Further, they thank Mónica González Ortiz, Elizabeth Avalos Torres, and Anabel Del Valle Acosta for their excellent technical assistance. This work was supported by the Dr Juan Graham Casasus Hospital (JGC 2012-22A). The authors have disclosed no other financial relationships related to this article. Submitted May 8, 2018; accepted in revised form August 16, 2018.

Advances in Skin & Wound Care
|May 21, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Surgical site infections (SSIs) affected 12% of Mexican patients undergoing open abdominal surgery. Key predictors included American Society of Anesthesiologists classification and preoperative antimicrobial use, highlighting the need for enhanced surveillance.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Surgical Outcomes Research
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a significant complication following open abdominal surgery.
  • Understanding predictors and prevalence is crucial for effective prevention strategies in diverse patient populations.
  • Mexican healthcare settings require specific data on SSI risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of SSIs in Mexican patients undergoing open abdominal surgery.
  • To identify sociodemographic and clinical predictors associated with SSI development.
  • To inform targeted interventions for SSI reduction in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 755 patients undergoing open abdominal surgery (October 2011-March 2012).
  • Collection of preoperative and postoperative patient data by an infection surveillance team.
  • Statistical analysis using odds ratios and chi-tests to evaluate variable associations with SSI.

Main Results:

  • The overall SSI incidence was 12% (91 out of 755 patients).
  • Significant predictors of SSI included American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (P = .001) and preoperative antimicrobial prophylaxis (P < .0001).
  • Enterobacteria were the predominant pathogens isolated in 60% of cases.

Conclusions:

  • Infection surveillance is vital for controlling and preventing SSIs.
  • Healthcare providers should implement evidence-based procedures to minimize SSI risk after abdominal surgery.
  • Targeted interventions based on identified predictors can improve patient outcomes.

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