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Anomalous diffusion behavior in parliamentary presence.

Denner S Vieira1,2, Jesus M E Riveiros1,3, Max Jauregui1

  • 1Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.

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Physicists analyzed Brazilian federal deputy attendance using random walks. Results show superdiffusion, indicating a ballistic regime in parliamentary presence dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantitative Social Science
  • Statistical Physics
  • Political Science

Background:

  • Physics concepts, including statistical mechanics, are increasingly applied to analyze social systems like politics.
  • Understanding the dynamics of political participation, such as parliamentary presence, is crucial for social system analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively describe the dynamics of parliamentary presence in the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies.
  • To identify the underlying statistical processes governing deputy attendance patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Constructing random walks for each federal deputy based on session attendance (unit step) and absence (zero step).
  • Analyzing 24 years of data (1991-2015) from the 49th-54th Brazilian Chambers of Deputies.
  • Modeling the system using a beta probability distribution for each legislature.

Main Results:

  • Identification of an anomalous diffusive process, specifically robust superdiffusion.
  • Characterization of the parliamentary presence dynamics as a ballistic regime.
  • Demonstration that parliamentary presence scales with the number of sessions, modeled by a beta distribution.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a novel quantitative framework for analyzing political participation dynamics using physics principles.
  • The findings reveal superdiffusive behavior in parliamentary presence, suggesting predictable, non-random attendance patterns.
  • The beta distribution effectively models overall parliamentary presence across legislative sessions.