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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Extracting the Cochlea from a Human Temporal Bone: A Cadaveric Protocol
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Physical limitations of work extraction from temporal correlations.

Elan Stopnitzky1, Susanne Still1,2, Thomas E Ouldridge3

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.

Physical Review. E
|May 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Extracting work from heat requires time-continuous dynamics, which limits efficiency. Applying an external time-varying protocol overcomes these limitations, enabling active driving for enhanced performance in information-exploiting systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Thermodynamics
  • Information Theory
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Information-exploiting systems can extract work from a single heat bath using temporal correlations.
  • Physically realizable systems require time-continuous dynamics, posing constraints on device design and efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the constraints imposed by time-continuous dynamics on information-exploiting systems.
  • To identify methods for circumventing efficiency limitations in such systems.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of information-exploiting systems with enforced time-continuous dynamics.
  • Theoretical modeling of actively driven systems using external time-varying protocols.

Main Results:

  • Time-continuous dynamics significantly constrains system design and diminishes efficiency.
  • An external, time-varying protocol can overcome these limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Transitioning from passive to actively driven systems is crucial for efficient work extraction.
  • External protocols offer a viable solution to enhance the performance of information-exploiting thermodynamic devices.