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Methodology for characterizing emissions from small (0.5-2 MTD) batch-fed gasification systems using multiple waste

J Aurell1, M Barnes2, B K Gullett3

  • 1University of Dayton Research Institute, Energy Technology and Materials Division, 300 College Park, Dayton, OH 45469, USA.

Waste Management (New York, N.Y.)
|May 22, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A compact gasification system was tested for air emissions using diverse waste. Results show some pollutants exceeded limits, but overall emissions compare favorably to other disposal methods.

Keywords:
BatchCombustionEmissionsGasificationMilitary wasteMunicipal waste

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Waste Management Technologies
  • Air Pollution Control

Background:

  • Limited emissions data exists for small-scale, containerized gasification systems.
  • Such systems are relevant for military and civilian waste disposal applications.
  • Standardized testing is needed to compare waste-to-energy technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize air emissions from a compact gasification system.
  • To develop a standardized methodology for testing waste compositions.
  • To compare the system's environmental performance against established limits and alternative methods.

Main Methods:

  • A containerized gasification system (0.5-2 MTD) was operated for eight 4-hour test runs.
  • Four waste types (three military, one civilian) were processed through gasification, afterburning, and wet scrubbing.
  • Emissions of particulate matter (PM), mercury (Hg), VOCs, PAHs, PCDDs/PCDFs, and other regulated compounds were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Five of nine EPA-regulated compounds (Pb, Cd, Hg, SO2, HCl) were below OSWI limits.
  • PCDD/PCDF, PM, NOx, and CO emissions exceeded OSWI limits.
  • PM and PCDD/PCDF emission factors were significantly lower than air curtain incinerators and burn pits.

Conclusions:

  • The developed methodology allows for standardized comparison of waste-to-energy technologies.
  • The gasification system shows promising emissions performance compared to traditional disposal methods.
  • Further optimization may be needed to meet all regulatory limits for specific pollutants.