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Updated: Jan 24, 2026
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Mouse Round Spermatid Injection
Published on: January 26, 2024
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Characterization of jet injection efficiency with mouse cadavers.
Jeremy O Marston1, Carla M R Lacerda1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, United States of America.
Summary
Needle-free jet injection efficiency depends more on tissue stiffness than fluid viscosity. Optimal stand-off distance is crucial for intradermal delivery, impacting drug dispersion.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Needle-free drug delivery systems offer advantages like reduced sharps waste and prevention of needle-stick injuries.
- Jet injection is a promising needle-free technology, particularly for viscous fluids like DNA-based vaccines.
- Understanding factors influencing jet injection efficiency is critical for optimizing drug delivery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of fluid viscosity and jet configuration (stand-off distance) on needle-free jet injection efficiency.
- To determine the influence of tissue stiffness on the success rates of jet injections.
- To analyze drug dispersion patterns and delivery depth using micro-computed tomography (μ-CT).
Main Methods:
- Assessment of injection efficiency using a fixed spring-loaded system (Bioject ID Pen) in mouse cadavers.
- Statistical analysis (ANOVA) to determine the significance of tissue stiffness, stand-off distance, and viscosity.
- High-resolution micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) to visualize injection depth and dispersion patterns.
Main Results:
- Tissue stiffness, assessed by time post-euthanasia, was the dominant factor influencing overall injection success (P < 0.001).
- Stand-off distance had a moderate effect on overall injection efficiency (P < 0.1) but was significant for intradermal delivery (P < 0.01).
- Fluid viscosity was not a significant factor for overall injection efficiency but played a role in intradermal delivery (P < 0.01).
Conclusions:
- Tissue stiffness is a critical determinant of needle-free jet injection success, overriding fluid viscosity.
- Optimizing stand-off distance is essential for achieving efficient intradermal drug delivery.
- Further research into tissue properties and their interaction with jet injection parameters is warranted for advanced drug delivery applications.
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