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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Accurate and Simple Measurement of the Pro-inflammatory Cytokine IL-1β using a Whole Blood Stimulation Assay
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Under inflammatory stimuli mesenteric mesothelial cells transdifferentiate into macrophages and produce

Sándor Katz1, Viktória Zsiros1, Anna L Kiss2

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.

Inflammation Research : Official Journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [Et Al.]
|May 23, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Inflammatory stimuli can transform mesothelial cells into macrophage-like cells that produce pro-inflammatory cytokines. This study investigates the cytokine expression changes during this inflammatory response in rats.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology
  • Histology

Background:

  • Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process where epithelial cells gain migratory characteristics.
  • Mesothelial cells line serous cavities and can undergo transdifferentiation under inflammatory conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the inflammatory response of mesenteric mesothelial cells.
  • To determine if these cells can transdifferentiate into macrophage-like cells and produce cytokines.

Main Methods:

  • Mesenteric mesothelial cells from Sprague Dawley rats were used.
  • Inflammation was induced using Freund adjuvant and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF).
  • Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression were analyzed via immunocytochemistry and Western blot.

Main Results:

  • Control mesothelial cells expressed anti-inflammatory IL-10 but not pro-inflammatory IL-6.
  • During inflammation, IL-6 expression increased significantly while IL-10 disappeared.
  • Upon recovery, IL-6 levels decreased and IL-10 expression reappeared.

Conclusions:

  • Mesothelial cells can adopt macrophage-like properties under inflammatory conditions.
  • These cells are capable of producing pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 during inflammation.
Keywords:
InflammationInflammatory cytokinesMesothel/macrophage transition

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