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Updated: Jan 24, 2026
Semi-automated Optical Heartbeat Analysis of Small Hearts
Published on: September 16, 2009
Implementation of the pulse rhythmic rate for the efficient diagnosing of the heartbeat
Visvam Devadoss Ambeth Kumar1, Malathi Subramanian1, Gokul Gopalakrishnan2
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai, TN 600123, India.
Insights
This study introduces a wearable device that monitors photoplethysmography (PPG) signals to detect cardiac arrhythmias. Early detection of irregular heart rhythms via this wrist-worn system can alert patients and healthcare providers, potentially saving lives.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cardiology
- Signal Processing
Background:
- Rising cardiac patient mortality linked to symptom unawareness.
- Need for continuous, real-time cardiac monitoring.
- Limitations of traditional electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring.
Purpose of the Study:
- Develop a wearable system for real-time cardiac anomaly detection.
- Utilize photoplethysmography (PPG) for arrhythmia identification.
- Enhance patient safety through early warning systems.
Main Methods:
- Real-time monitoring of PPG patterns using a wrist-worn device.
- Feature extraction from PPG waveforms correlated with ECG abnormalities.
- Signal processing techniques for rhythm irregularity detection.
Main Results:
- Successful extraction of salient PPG waveform features.
- Identification of skipped beats and rhythm irregularities.
- Activation of an emergency protocol upon critical condition detection.
Conclusions:
- The developed wearable device offers a portable and user-friendly solution for cardiac monitoring.
- Continuous PPG analysis can effectively detect arrhythmias.
- This system has the potential to significantly reduce mortality rates by enabling timely intervention.
Abstract:
The mortality rate has risen due to the increase in number of cardiac patients in recent times due to the lack of unawareness of the symptoms. This work mainly aims to detect the anomalies of the rhythmic conditions of the pulse derived from the electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern based on correlation and the method of mapping. As this device is a programmable one and a real-time application wearable system on the wrist which is physically connected to the veins, it continuously monitors the photoplethysmography (PPG) pattern based on certain parameters and rhythmic conditions, it ensures whether the patient is under the safe condition or not. The salient features of PPG waveform are extracted with respect to various abnormal categories of ECG beats subdivided into various time durations of one, two and three. The PPG pattern using various feature extraction and the correlation transforms with the signal processing application. The extracted features help to find the skipped beat with irregularities of the rhythm will activate the emergency condition protocol in the device. The location of the patient with a critical condition is sent to the nearest health centre. This innovation is a portable one and a user-friendly application which can save many lives in the society.
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