Emerging two-dimensional monoelemental materials (Xenes) for biomedical applications.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Two-dimensional (2D) monoelemental materials, known as Xenes, are emerging with significant potential across technology and fundamental science.
• Xenes, including borophene, silicene, and phosphorene, are highly chemically tractable, facilitating synthetic exploration.
• Their exceptional physical, chemical, electronic, and optical properties make them promising for diverse bio-applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive tutorial review of Xenes.
• To summarize the general properties and classification of Xenes based on bulk characteristics.
• To highlight their potential in biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

• Classification of Xenes based on bulk properties.
• Presentation of synthetic and modification methodologies for Xenes.
• Review of representative Xene nanoplatforms for biomedical uses.

Main Results:

• Xenes exhibit diverse properties suitable for advanced technological applications.
• Various synthetic and modification techniques enable tailored Xene material properties.
• Xene nanoplatforms show promise in biosensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, and theranostics.

Conclusions:

• Xenes represent a versatile class of 2D materials with substantial promise in biomedicine.
• Further research into their synthesis, modification, and application is crucial for future development.
• Continued exploration of Xenes will drive innovation in biosensors, bioimaging, and therapeutic delivery systems.