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Sara Sorella1, Gaia Lapomarda1, Irene Messina2

  • 1Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science (DiPSCo), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy.

Neuroimage. Clinical
|May 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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See all related articles

Schizophrenia and Bipolar disorder share a common psychotic core but have distinct cognitive and affective differences. This suggests an expanded continuum model for these conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Traditional diagnostic categories for Schizophrenia (SZ) and Bipolar disorder (BD) are increasingly challenged.
  • A proposed continuum hypothesis suggests shared pathophysiological mechanisms between SZ and BD.
  • Existing models may oversimplify cognitive and affective distinctions observed in these patient groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test an expanded continuum hypothesis for Schizophrenia and Bipolar disorder.
  • To investigate a three-cluster model encompassing psychotic, cognitive, and affective domains.
  • To differentiate neural and psychological profiles in SZ, BD, and healthy controls (HC).

Main Methods:

  • Source-based Morphometry (SBM) applied to structural MRI scans of 46 SZ, 46 BD, and 66 HC individuals.
Keywords:
Bipolar disorderContinuum hypothesisPsychosisSchizophreniaSource-based morphometry

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comprehensive psychological assessments including cognitive, affective, and clinical tests.
  • Analysis of neural correlates and psychological data to identify group-specific patterns.

    • Main Results:

    • A shared 'psychotic core' identified in a neural network involving parietal, temporo-occipital, cerebellar, and frontal areas.
    • A distinct 'cognitive core' more affected in SZ, linked to fronto-parietal circuit alterations.
    • Evidence for an 'affective core' more compromised in BD, involving temporal, occipital, cerebellar, and frontal regions.
    • Psychological profiles confirmed SZ patients showed greater cognitive deficits, while BD patients exhibited more affective impairments.

    Conclusions:

    • An expanded continuum hypothesis is supported, positing a common psychotic core between SZ and BD.
    • Separate cognitive and affective cores contribute to the distinct clinical presentations of SZ and BD.
    • These findings highlight overlapping and distinct neural and psychological mechanisms in Schizophrenia and Bipolar disorder.