Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
Published on: April 23, 2014
Development of a structured virtual reality curriculum for laparoscopic appendicectomy
Daniel M Sinitsky1, Bimbi Fernando1, Henry Potts2
1Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, Royal Free Campus, UCL, London, UK.
Background:
Laparoscopic appendicectomy (LA) is a common surgical emergency procedure mainly performed by trainees. The aim was to develop a step-wise structured virtual reality (VR) curriculum for LA to allow junior surgeons to hone their skills in a safe and controlled environment.
Methods:
A prospective randomized study was designed using a high-fidelity VR simulator. Thirty-five novices and 25 experts participated in the assessment and their performances were compared to assess construct validity. Learning curve analysis was performed.
Results:
Five of the psychomotor tasks and all appendicectomy tasks showed construct validity. Learning was demonstrated in the majority of construct-valid tasks. A novel goal-directed VR curriculum for LA was constructed.
Conclusions:
A step-wise structured VR curriculum for LA is proposed with a framework which includes computer generated metrics and supports deliberate practice, spacing intervals, human instruction/feedback and assessment. Future study should test the feasibility of its implementation and transferability of acquired skill.
Related Concept Videos
Fruit Development, Structure, and Function
Seed Structure and Early Development of the Sporophyte
Virtual Work
In static equilibrium, a body can experience an imaginary or virtual movement, such as displacement or rotation. The virtual work done by a force is equal to the dot product of force and virtual displacement in the direction of the force. When it comes to virtually rotating a...
Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving
To apply the principle of virtual work,...
Virtual Work for a System of Connected Rigid Bodies
Next,...
Structures of Solids

