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Ligand Binding Sites02:40

Ligand Binding Sites

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Proteins are dynamic macromolecules that carry out a wide variety of essential processes; however, the activities of most proteins depend on their interactions with other molecules or ions, known as ligands.
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Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
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A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
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Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
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Rationally engineered active sites for efficient and durable hydrogen generation.

Yurui Xue1, Lan Hui2, Huidi Yu2

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This study introduces a novel surface modulation strategy for metal-free carbon electrocatalysts, significantly enhancing hydrogen evolution reaction activity. The developed material demonstrates superior performance in both acidic and alkaline conditions, offering a promising alternative to platinum-based catalysts.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Developing efficient metal-free electrocatalysts is crucial for renewable energy conversion.
  • Understanding atomic-level electrocatalytic activity is key to designing advanced catalysts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a surface modulation strategy for carbon electrocatalysts using amidated-carbon fibers.
  • To significantly boost the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of electrocatalysts.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing amidated-carbon fibers for surface modulation.
  • Employing theoretical calculations to understand electronic property changes.
  • Experimental validation of hydrogen evolution reaction activity and stability.

Main Results:

  • Amidation decoration promotes 2D electron localization at the C=O branch.
  • The modified surface exhibits self-activated electron-extraction via reversible bond-switching.
  • The metal-free electrode shows outstanding HER activity and stability in acidic and alkaline media, outperforming commercial Pt/C.

Conclusions:

  • The surface modulation strategy provides a general blueprint for tuning electron-transfer in HER electrocatalysts.
  • This approach enables highly efficient hydrogen evolution under universal pH conditions.
  • The developed metal-free carbon electrocatalysts offer a sustainable alternative for renewable energy applications.