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Electrolytes for Rechargeable Lithium-Air Batteries.

Jingning Lai1, Yi Xing1, Nan Chen1

  • 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|May 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Lithium-air batteries offer high energy density but face challenges like capacity fading. This review explores electrolytes, particularly ionic liquids and solid-state options, to improve performance and safety for practical rechargeable lithium-air batteries.

Keywords:
aprotic electrolytesaqueous electrolytesionic-liquid electrolyteslithium-air batteriessolid-state electrolytes

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Lithium-air batteries are recognized for their exceptionally high theoretical energy density, making them attractive for advanced energy storage solutions.
  • Practical implementation of rechargeable lithium-air batteries is hindered by significant issues, including rapid capacity fading and inadequate rate capability.
  • Electrolyte instability is identified as a primary cause of failure in lithium-air battery systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • This review comprehensively examines the critical role of electrolytes in rechargeable lithium-air batteries.
  • It aims to identify opportunities and address challenges associated with electrolyte design and selection.
  • The goal is to provide strategies for developing stable and high-performance electrolytes.

Main Methods:

  • A detailed review of existing literature on lithium-air battery electrolytes.
  • Analysis of electrolyte reaction mechanisms, compositional factors, and degradation pathways.
  • Evaluation of electrolyte selection criteria and innovative design principles.

Main Results:

  • Electrolyte properties significantly impact lithium-air battery performance, capacity retention, and operational lifespan.
  • Ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes present promising avenues for enhanced stability and conductivity.
  • Solid-state electrolytes offer potential solutions for improving safety and energy density by mitigating undesirable side reactions.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing electrolyte composition and architecture is crucial for overcoming the limitations of current lithium-air battery technology.
  • Ionic liquid and solid-state electrolytes are key areas of research for achieving high energy density and improved safety.
  • Further development in electrolyte design is essential for the commercial viability of rechargeable lithium-air batteries.