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Decellularization and recellularization of cornea: Progress towards a donor alternative
Julia Fernández-Pérez1, Mark Ahearne1
1Dept of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Ireland.
Methods (San Diego, Calif.)
|May 26, 2019
Summary
Corneal bioengineering using decellularized corneas offers a promising solution to the donor shortage. This review covers decellularization, recellularization, and clinical applications for creating transplantable corneal tissue.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- Global donor cornea shortage necessitates alternative strategies for corneal transplantation.
- Corneal bioengineering using decellularized corneas shows promise for generating transplantable tissues.
- Decellularized corneas, as cell-free extracellular matrix scaffolds, mimic native corneal structure and composition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review decellularization techniques for creating corneal scaffolds.
- To examine cell sources and recellularization methods for corneal tissue engineering.
- To discuss analytical techniques, clinical applications, and challenges in decellularized cornea technology.
Main Methods:
- Review of physical, chemical, and biological decellularization techniques.
- Analysis of various cell sources and recellularization strategies for corneal layers.
- Examination of analytical methods for decellularization efficiency and scaffold assessment.
Main Results:
- Decellularized corneas provide a structural and compositional basis for tissue engineering.
- Successful recellularization strategies are being developed for all corneal layers.
- Animal and human studies demonstrate the potential of decellularized corneal scaffolds.
Conclusions:
- Decellularized corneas are a viable platform for corneal tissue engineering.
- Further research is needed to address scalability, automation, and regulatory hurdles.
- This technology holds significant potential to alleviate the global donor cornea shortage.
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