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Linking the 1940 U.S. Census with Modern Data.

Catherine G Massey1, Katie R Genadek2, J Trent Alexander3

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The U.S. Census Bureau developed linked data infrastructure for longitudinal population studies. This includes linking historical census and survey data, notably the 1940 Census microdata, to track Americans over eight decades.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Demographic Research
  • Data Science
  • Historical Sociology

Background:

  • Longitudinal data is crucial for understanding population dynamics.
  • Existing U.S. Census Bureau data covers recent decades but lacks historical depth.
  • Integrating historical records is essential for comprehensive population studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the creation of a linked dataset spanning eight decades of American population history.
  • To detail the record linkage methodologies employed.
  • To present a beta version of a linkable 1940 Census microdata file.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a combination of census, survey, and administrative records.
  • Implementing advanced record linkage techniques for historical microdata.
  • Focusing on the linkage of the 1940 Census complete count data.

Main Results:

  • A foundational linked data infrastructure has been established.
  • A beta version of the linkable 1940 Census microdata file is now available.
  • The linkage process demonstrates the feasibility of integrating historical datasets.

Conclusions:

  • The developed infrastructure enables unprecedented longitudinal analysis of the American population.
  • Further documentation and extension of this data infrastructure are recommended.
  • This resource has significant potential for future demographic and historical research.