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[Anaemia and iron deficiency in chronic heart failure patients]

N T Vatutin1, G G Taradin1, I V Kanisheva1

  • 1M. Gorky Donetsk National Medical University of the Ukraine Ministry of Health Care.

Kardiologiia
|May 28, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Anemia and iron deficiency (ID) significantly impact heart failure (HF) outcomes. Early diagnosis and treatment, including iron supplementation and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, are crucial for managing HF patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hematology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Anemia and iron deficiency (ID) are prevalent in chronic heart failure (CHF).
  • These conditions negatively affect the course and prognosis of CHF.
  • Understanding the interplay between ID, anemia, and CHF is critical for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence and impact of anemia and ID in CHF.
  • To discuss diagnostic methods for anemia and ID in this population.
  • To explore pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for anemia and ID in CHF.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on anemia and iron deficiency in chronic heart failure.
  • Evaluation of laboratory diagnostic markers including serum iron, ferritin, transferrin saturation, TIBC, and sTfR.
  • Discussion of bone marrow iron assessment as a gold standard for ID diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Anemia and ID are common in CHF, worsening its prognosis.
  • Pathogenetic mechanisms involve insufficient iron supply, inflammation, erythropoietin, and RAS.
  • Compensatory mechanisms activated by anemia can exacerbate CHF symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of anemia and ID in CHF is essential.
  • Treatment strategies include oral/intravenous iron and hemopoiesis stimulators.
  • Addressing anemia and ID can improve outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure.

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