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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

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Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
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Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

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Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
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Trial and Error and Algorithm01:12

Trial and Error and Algorithm

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A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. Different strategies have distinct action plans. Trial and error involves trying different solutions until one works. For instance, to fix a broken printer, you might check ink levels, ensure the paper tray isn't jammed, and verify the printer's connection to your laptop. This method can be time-consuming but is commonly used. Thomas Edison, for example, used trial and error to find a suitable filament for the light...
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Interdisciplinary Care: The Health Care Team-I01:21

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An interdisciplinary team includes many healthcare professionals working together and utilizing their skills, knowledge, and expertise to provide holistic and quality patient care.
Physicians
The physician's primary responsibility is to diagnose illness and direct the medical or surgical treatment of the condition. The authority to admit patients to a healthcare agency or institution and practice care within that setting is granted to physicians by the healthcare agency or institution...
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Interdisciplinary Care: The Health Care Team-II01:18

Interdisciplinary Care: The Health Care Team-II

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An interdisciplinary team includes many healthcare professionals working together and utilizing their skills, knowledge, and expertise to provide holistic and quality patient care. Here are a few more healthcare professionals.
Physical Therapist
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Standards of Care I01:22

Standards of Care I

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Federal statutes profoundly impact nursing practice, providing critical guidelines to ensure patient care is equitable, accessible, and of the highest quality. The following laws address distinct aspects of healthcare provision and patient rights:
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Randomised Controlled Trials for Informing Perinatal Care.

Chris Gale1, William McGuire2, Edmund Juszczak3

  • 1Section of Neonatal Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Campus, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.

Neonatology
|May 29, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Randomised controlled trials are crucial for improving newborn infant care. Well-designed trials, even large and pragmatic ones, offer the best evidence for effective interventions and practices in neonatology.

Keywords:
Clinical trialsNeonatal carePragmatic trialsRandomisation

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal medicine
  • Clinical trial methodology
  • Evidence-based practice

Background:

  • Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are essential for advancing newborn infant care.
  • Minimizing selection bias through randomisation is key to reliable clinical trial evidence.
  • Seminal trials have significantly shaped modern perinatal medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of RCTs in neonatal care.
  • To discuss challenges and innovations in designing and conducting perinatal trials.
  • To emphasize the need for core outcome sets in ensuring trial validity and applicability.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of randomisation principles in clinical trials.
  • Review of historical and contemporary perinatal RCTs.
  • Consideration of challenges in large, simple, and pragmatic trial design.

Main Results:

  • RCTs are the gold standard for evaluating neonatal interventions.
  • Absence of RCT evidence has led to adoption of ineffective or harmful practices.
  • Effective RCTs often require large sample sizes (thousands) for rare outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • High-quality RCTs are indispensable for improving newborn outcomes.
  • Future perinatal trials should be large, multicentre, and pragmatic.
  • Meticulous follow-up and long-term outcome assessment are critical in RCTs.