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Effects of Sleep Extension on Inhibitory Control in Children With ADHD: A Pilot Study

Amanda Cremone-Caira1, Helen Root1, Elizabeth A Harvey1

  • 1University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA.

Journal of Attention Disorders
|May 30, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Sleep extension significantly improved inhibitory control in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This intervention offers a promising approach to address cognitive deficits associated with ADHD.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatrics
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently experience sleep disturbances and cognitive impairments.
  • Inhibitory control is a key cognitive function often deficient in children with ADHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if extending sleep duration can enhance inhibitory control in children with ADHD.
  • This pilot study aimed to assess the impact of sleep extension on cognitive deficits.

Main Methods:

  • A within-subject design was employed, involving children with (n=11) and without (n=15) ADHD.
  • Sleep duration was manipulated through a sleep extension intervention and monitored using actigraphy and polysomnography.
  • Inhibitory control was measured using the Go/No-Go task.

Main Results:

  • For children with ADHD, sleep extension led to a 13% overall improvement in inhibitory control.
  • In contrast, sleep extension did not significantly alter inhibitory control in children without ADHD.
  • While children without ADHD showed diurnal variations in inhibitory control, this pattern was not observed in the ADHD group.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep extension interventions show potential for improving inhibitory control in children diagnosed with ADHD.
  • Targeting sleep duration may be a viable strategy to mitigate cognitive deficits in pediatric ADHD.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm these findings in larger cohorts.

Keywords:
ADHDcognitive functioninhibitory controlsleepsleep duration

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