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MicroRNA based theranostics for brain cancer: basic principles

George E D Petrescu1,2, Alexandru A Sabo3, Ligia I Torsin4

  • 1Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR
|May 31, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show promise as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of glioblastoma. These molecules also offer potential therapeutic strategies for brain tumors, advancing treatment options.

Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Therapeutics

Background:

  • Glioblastoma presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and lack of effective biomarkers or treatments.
  • Current chemotherapy offers minimal survival benefits for glioblastoma patients.
  • Advances in molecular biology are identifying new diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets for improved patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential circulating biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of brain tumors.
  • To explore strategies for delivering therapeutic agents across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) for central nervous system (CNS) delivery.
  • To evaluate methods for restoring or inhibiting miRNAs for glioblastoma treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on the role of miRNAs in cancer, specifically glioblastoma.
  • Analysis of miRNA expression patterns in relation to tumor development and progression.
  • Investigation of miRNA delivery systems and therapeutic modulation techniques.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in the initiation and progression of glioblastoma.
  • miRNAs can be detected in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), making them accessible biomarkers.
  • Various therapeutic approaches, including miRNA restoration and inhibition, are being developed.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are proposed as ideal diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for glioblastoma due to their role in gliomagenesis and detectability in biofluids.
  • Advances in miRNA-based therapies (mimics, inhibitors) position miRNAs as strong candidates for clinical trials in glioblastoma treatment.
Keywords:
AntagomirsAntisense oligonucleotidesBiomarkersGlioblastomaGliomaSmall molecule miRNA inhibitorsmiRNA based drugsmiRNA masksmiRNA mimicsmicroRNA

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