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Heart catheterization in adults in a sub-Saharan tertiary centre: 8 years' experience
Jean Claude Ambassa1, Mvondo Charles1, Tantchou Tchoumi Jacques Cabral1
1Cardiac Centre Shisong, Kumbo, Cameroon.
Insights
Cardiac catheterization in adults showed coronary heart disease in 8.4% of cases. Atrial septal defect was the most common congenital heart issue managed, with successful outcomes reported at the Cardiac Centre Shisong.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Interventional Cardiology
Background:
- Cardiac catheterization procedures were analyzed at the Cardiac Centre Shisong between December 2010 and December 2017.
- The study included adult patients undergoing catheterization in the laboratory.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the outcomes of cardiac catheterization in adult patients.
- To identify the prevalence of coronary artery disease and congenital heart defects managed.
- To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions performed.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of adult patients undergoing cardiac catheterization.
- Data collected from December 2010 to December 2017.
- Review of diagnostic and interventional procedures performed.
Main Results:
- 365 adult patients underwent cardiac catheterization, with a mean age of 52.6 years.
- Diagnostic coronarography identified coronary artery disease in 8.4% of cases.
- Interventional procedures included percutaneous coronary intervention (5.2%) and management of congenital heart defects such as atrial septal defects (3.2%).
Conclusions:
- Coronary heart disease was confirmed in 8.4% of patients via angiography.
- Atrial septal defect was the most frequently managed congenital heart condition.
- Cardiac catheterization at the Cardiac Centre Shisong yielded positive results.
Background:
The goal of the investigation was to analyze the results of heart catheterization in the Cardiac centre Shisong from December 2010 till December 2017.
Methods:
This retrospective study done in the Cardiac centre Shisong in adult patients that underwent a procedure in the catheterization laboratory from December 2010 till December 2017.
Results:
Three hundred and sixty-five adult underwent a cardiac catheterization procedure during the study period. Among the patients, 126 were female while 239 were male. The mean age at presentation was 52.6±12.9 years old. Patients were coming from neighboring countries: Nigeria n=5 (1.3%), Tchad n=3 (0.8%), Equatorial Guinea n=4 (1%), Democratic republic of Congo n=2 (0.5%). Patients were also coming from all the ten regions of Cameroon: Littoral n=122 (33.2%), Centre n=127 (34.8%), North west n=47 (12.9%), South west n=17 (4.5%), West n=26 (7.1%), North n=7 (1.8%), Adamaoua n=8 (2.1%), Far North n=5 (1.3%), South n=2 (0.5%), East n=4 (1%). Depending on the type of procedures diagnostic coronarography in case with suspicion of coronary artery disease and presurgical coronarography were the main procedures done in 171 patients (46.8%) and in 146 patients (40%) respectively. Diagnostic coronarography was positive in 31 cases (8.4%). In patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), percutaneous intervention with dilatation of the coronary arteries and implantation of stents was done in 19 cases (5.2%). The remaining 12 cases (3.2%) were having many lesions that could be managed only by coronary artery grafting surgery, done with success in all the cases. In grown up congenital heart disease patients, diagnostic catheterization was done in 48 cases meanwhile interventional catheterization: pulmonary artery valvuloplasty, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure, atrial septal defect closure and decoarctation of the aorta were done in n=11 (3.4%), n=9 (2.4%), n=12 (3.2%), n=6 (1.6%) cases respectively.
Conclusions:
Coronary heart disease was confirmed by angiography in 8.4% cases, and among grown up congenital heart disease 'patients, atrial septal defect was the pathology the most managed. Heart catheterization is done in the Cardiac centre Shisong with good results.